O Fundo de Financiamento Estudantil (FIES) é um programa do Ministério da Educação destinado à concessão de financiamento a estudantes matriculados em cursos superiores de escolas privadas. Após uma infinidade de detalhes e contas o aluno que preenche os requisitos está apto a receber o financiamento de seu curso por meio do Programa. Deve estar previamente matriculado no curso de graduação em uma escola conveniada ao FIES. A taxa de juros atual é de 6,5% ao ano. O contrato deve ser renovado semestralmente. A instituição de ensino recebe diretamente do FIES e o aluno faz os pagamentos ao banco em que fez o financiamento (Caixa Econômica Federal ou Banco do Brasil).
Tudo explicado e tendo em vista que o financiamento estudantil é uma ferramenta importantíssima na construção das mentes que irão fazer o nosso futuro, analisemos o que se passa, na prática, no caso da Odontologia.
As instituições de ensino superior com cursos de Odontologia se inscreveram no FIES e lançaram no mercado cursos de graduação em que grande parte dos alunos, senão a maioria, paga o curso com recursos do programa. São turmas gigantescas, com uma relação de professor por aluno insana. Equipamentos odontológicos e instalações não dão conta de tantos usuários e é possível ver situações em que quatro, cinco, seis alunos atendem o mesmo paciente para fazer trabalhos mais complexos. Não bastasse serem enormes, as turmas são oferecidas em três períodos diários (manhã, tarde e noite) e em quatro anos. Não precisa de muita conta para perceber que a carga horária é baixíssima. É de se questionar se o egresso de um esquema de ensino como esse estará apto ao exercício da profissão.
Se acha que está ruim até aqui, veja o acontece adiante.
O curso de Odontologia é caro comparado à maioria dos cursos de graduação. Some-se a isso a necessidade de comprar instrumentos e materiais; o que não é nada pouco em termos de recursos financeiros. Como é de se esperar, com o decorrer do tempo, vários alunos vão abandonando o curso. Ora porque concluíram que não gostam da área, ora porque não conseguem comprar materiais e instrumentos. Mas, o mais esdrúxulo dos motivos é que o Programa FIES ou a instituição de ensino acabam por desqualificar vários alunos para o benefício. De repente, no meio do curso, o aluno é surpreendido com o fim do financiamento. O que já seria péssimo por si só, fica ainda pior. Como deve estar matriculado para receber o financiamento, o que acontece é que o estudante se vê com uma dívida agora com a escola, que lhe cobra as mensalidades atrasadas do semestre e claro toma as medidas cabíveis para receber seus recursos. Nada de ilegal, é claro. Mas, como dizem os advogados por ser legal não deixa de ser escuso.
Veja a situação.
Alunos entram, de cabeça e sem analisar corretamente os riscos, em uma empreitada com alta probabilidade de insucesso. Recebem uma formação ruim. Não conseguem concluir o curso. Se chegam ao fim, encontram uma profissão que demora a recompensar seus praticantes. Têm dívida com o programa FIES. Têm dívida com a instituição de ensino.
Além de arruinar sonhos o programa FIES cria, via de regra, problemas financeiros, com dívidas para os alunos. Joga recursos privados, dos estudantes e suas famílias, no lixo porque simplesmente os estudantes acabam não se formando. Não sendo suficiente, ainda joga recursos públicos no mesmo buraco. Ou eu sou muito inescrupuloso de pensar que a maioria das pessoas que sequer se graduou vai honrar os compromissos financeiros assumidos com o FIES? É um grande desperdício de recursos, tempo, dinheiro e energia quando aplicado em Odontologia.
O Programa FIES (Fundo de Financiamento Estudantil) do governo federal, quando aplicado à Odontologia, é ineficiente, ineficaz, não se mostra como instrumento adequado de financiamento e não se traduz em benefício para a sociedade. Na verdade, vem sendo uma enorme transferência de recursos públicos, obtidos com impostos, para a iniciativa privada, representada na forma de empresas de educação superior, sem a contrapartida que seria a formação de uma geração mais educada a habilitada a construir o nosso futuro.
Como sempre um ótimo e esclarecedor texto, abordando temas que agregam aos conhecimentos de quem lê. O texto fala sobre um assunto que vivi por quase 5 meses e tive a pior experiência da minha vida e sofro até hoje as consequências, uma escolha que até então de um primeiro momento, me pareceu ser uma oportunidade de conquistar sonhos e finalmente me graduar no curso de Odontologia. Por fim concluo que a melhor coisa é não depender deste programa e entender que é ilusão pensar que o nosso país do jeito que está, vai ajudar um cidadão a crescer.
Pois é, Dani.
Ficou ruim para você. Só para você.
É uma tristeza.
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